A Short Lesson About Liverpool’s Geography
On a world map the co-ordinates of the city of Liverpool are 53o latitude north and longitude 3o west. Liverpool can be a metropolitan borough of Merseyside along with an unitary authority in its own right. Nevertheless, additionally, it still retains historical links with the county of Lancashire, to which it was as soon as component of. The Merseyside metropolis derives its name from the River Mersey and encompasses the cities and towns along its banks, estuary and hinterland. Liverpool is on the eastern bank of the River Mersey and is the fifth largest in England, having a population exceeding 440,000 in an area of around 11100 hectares. The population density in Liverpool is about 40 per hectare.
It has been established that there were settlements along the banks of the River Mersey, within the area we now know as Liverpool, dating back to the 1st century AD. These settlements would have been tiny fishing communities which, over the centuries, amalgamated into a heavily urbanised area by as early as the 12th century. The surface geology of Liverpool is rarely much more than 10 metres thick and can be a pebbly silty clay, with some sand and gravel deposits, which were all laid down by the retreating glaciers throughout the last ice age. The dominant bedrock in Liverpool is sandstone that was laid down inside the Triassic era around 250 million years ago. To the west, the city also borders on to Carboniferous shale, mudstone and sandstone deposits as well as the Lancashire Coalfield deposits. At one time the coal deposits were workable but now, with most of the remaining deposits becoming below 1200m they are deemed unviable economically. Even so, the prospective of coal bed Methane as a source of potentially clean energy is currently being studied, which might result within the coal deposits having a further use. Inside the early 1990s an oil and gas field was discovered in Liverpool Bay, out beyond The Wirral. Capable of producing 10 million cubic metres of gas and 70,000 barrels of oil each day, the field is now economically crucial to the area with an annual turnover exceeding ?60 million. With supplies of sand, gravel and clay all available locally the traditional building materials utilised in Liverpool have been moulded bricks and clay tiles for roofing.
Liverpool technically extends along 21km of the east bank of the River Mersey estuary, rather than being on a river that truly flows through it. The Mersey is formed at the confluence of the River Tame and the River Goyt at Stockport in Lancashire. The famed Manchester Ship Canal joins the river at Eastham Locks and was the route by which imported cotton into the port at Liverpool was transferred to Manchester and also the other weaving towns of Lancashire. Although the city of Liverpool has developed around a ridge of seven distinct hills the land rarely rises above 50m, with the highest point being at Everton Hill, 70m.
The climate in Liverpool is typical of England being a temperate 1. With most of its weather systems arriving on the prevailing westerly winds, the average temperature in January is 50C and July it is 150C. On average Liverpool receives much less than 750ml of rainfall a year which, contemplating its location on the west coast of England is surprising. Nevertheless, the landmass of Ireland, to the west, absorbs much of the rainfall coming off the Atlantic Ocean that would otherwise fall on Liverpool. The average expectancy of rain in Liverpool is about 175 days a year. The temperature in January is greater than might be expected for a city in the north of England. This is simply because the city, and its port, benefit from the blanket effect of the North Atlantic Drift.
For several years Liverpool was seen as an economically depressed area having a stock of low price and poor top quality housing. The recent regeneration of the city has observed the cost of the city’s housing stock rise by up to 15% a year over the last 10 years. At present household costs in Liverpool fluctuate compared to regional and national trends depending on the sort of property, but the housing market here can be a buoyant one. In early 2007, a semi-detached 3 bedroom house in Liverpool on average cost ?155,000, which was the exact same as the regional average but lower than the national average, which was ?185,000. At ?290,000 the average cost of a typical four bed-roomed detached household in Liverpool is just as before about the identical as the regional average but about 10% below the national average. A two bed-roomed terraced home in Liverpool will price about ?100,000, which is yet again about the regional average but practically 20% below the national average. The average regional value of a two bed roomed flat is ?115,000 whereas In Liverpool it can be ?150,000 a figure which is also slightly higher than the national average.
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